Gestational Diabetes....

Actually, aku x sampai tahap GDM ni lagi...tahap aku adalah Impaired Glucose Tolerance (IGT)..bawah sikit dari GDM..

Apekah itu IGT??

Impaired glucose tolerance: A transition phase between normal glucose tolerance and diabetes, also referred to as prediabetes. In impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), the levels of blood glucose are between normal and diabetic. People with IGT do not have diabetes. Each year, only 1-5% of people whose test results show IGT actually develop diabetes. And with retesting, as many as half of the people with IGT have normal oral glucose tolerance test results. Weight loss and exercise may help people with IGT return their glucose levels to normal.

http://www.medterms.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=16195


Camana nk tau kite ada GDM ke..IGT ke...tu yg kena minum air gula tu...masa I kena minum awal2 bacaan dia 8.0!! terus dapat tag kuning..pastu kena lah cek tiap2 kali wat check up..bila masuk 28 mgu hri tu, kena wat 2 minggu sekali full punya..pagi, tengahari, petang n malam.. camana nk interpret bacaan tu?? camni..

Interpretation of OGTT results

Fasting plasma glucose (measured before the OGTT begins) should be below 6.1 mmol/l (110 mg/dl). Fasting levels between 6.1 and 7.0 mmol/l (110 and 125 mg/dl) are borderline ("impaired fasting glycaemia"), and fasting levels repeatedly at or above 7.0 mmol/l (126 mg/dl) are diagnostic of diabetes.

The 2 hour OGTT glucose level should be below 7.8 mmol/l (140 mg/dl). Levels between this and 11.1 mmol/l (200 mg/dl) indicate "impaired glucose tolerance". Glucose levels above 11.1 mmol/l (200 mg/dl) at 2 hours confirms a diagnosis of diabetes.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glucose_tolerance_test

Artikel bawah ni berkenaan persoalan yg menyelubungi yg berkaitan dgn GDM....Baca lah eh! :p

GESTATIONAL DIABETES....

Can diabetes occur for the first time in pregnancy?

Yes. A number of women are found to be diabetic for the first time in their lives while pregnant. Pregnancy has been described as a "diabetogenic condition". This simply means it can trigger the development of diabetes.

Is gestational diabetes (diabetes occurring in pregnancy) different from classical diabetes?

In a few ways, yes. It is, however, important to concentrate on the aspects where it is similar to classical diabetes.
In either type, when the condition is not controlled, it can have serious consequences for both the mother and the baby.

So, how do the two differ?

They differ in the sense that the gestational type of diabetes is easier to control and usually clears up soon after delivery.

Is there any association between gestational diabetes and the classical diabetes?

In some cases there is. It is recognized that some women who have the symptoms of gestational diabetes actually have mild diabetes prior to conception and pregnancy helps to unmask the condition. Naturally, with these women, the condition does not completely clear up after delivery.

Are any long-term consequences to be expected?

As mentioned above, some patients have latent diabetes and delivery may just take them back to the quiescent state with no symptoms and no need for treatment. These may constitute anything between 10 and 20 per cent of all gestational diabetes patients. For these, the so-called adult-onset diabetes will develops in the medium or long-term. Conversely, for over 80 per cent of mothers with gestational diabetes, the condition clears up entirely shortly after delivery.

Who is at risk of developing gestational diabetes?

Mothers who:

·	have symptoms of increased water intake (feeling abnormally thirsty), urinary frequency and feeling hungry and peckish more often than normal

·	are overweight or obese

·	have close relatives with diabetes

·	have a history of delivering large babies in the past

·	gain an excessive amount of weight during pregnancy

·	have a previous history of gestational diabetes

·	are aged thirty or over.

What do you mean by previous gestational diabetes?

There is a risk of recurrence of gestational diabetes of one in two; that is, up to 50 per cent of affected mothers will experience a recurrence of the condition in a subsequent pregnancy.

Can a prospective mother reduce the risk of getting gestational diabetes?

A woman can reduce this risk by acting upon some factors, such as being overweight. Controlling or reducing the body weight to a level around the ideal for her body height will significantly reduce the risk of gestational diabetes.

Is there anything a mother can do to check whether she might have latent diabetes?

Yes. If a woman has suffered from gestational diabetes in a previous pregnancy and she is planning another baby, she can arrange for her doctor to perform a blood screening test for diabetes before she conceives. This will tell her whether she has latent diabetes or not. For a woman who does not have latent diabetes, this test will always be negative.

Is there another test, such as a urine test, to screen for diabetes?

Afraid not. The only definitive screening and diagnostic test is a blood test. A urine test is very unreliable as a screening tool and is most certainly not diagnostic.

How is the diagnostic test for diabetes conducted?

You will hear the term Glucose Tolerance Test or, more often, GTT.
It simply involves the person fasting for several hours overnight and taking a measured sugary drink in the morning. A series of blood samples are taken, normally every thirty minutes for the next two hours. Levels of sugar in each sample are analyzed.

What does the GTT tell the doctor?

It will tell the doctor whether the mother's body is processing sugars (and other carbohydrates) efficiently. If this is the case, it will mean she is not diabetic.
It could, on the other hand, show that the control of blood sugars is not optimal - which will be termed "impaired glucose tolerance".
It could show that blood sugar level control has been completely lost. This will mean she has gestational diabetes.

What are the implications of impaired glucose tolerance?

Well, she does not have diabetes, so things are not too bad.
The standard control of this is purely dietary. Her doctors and midwife will give her advice on the kind of changes she needs to make in her diet. In most cases, a dietician is involved, to give personalized specialist dietary advice.
Regular blood ­sugar tests will be done for the remainder of the pregnancy.

Can the baby be affected by impaired glucose tolerance?

When this diagnosis is made, the mother is bound to have a closer follow-up of her pregnancy. Sometimes impaired glucose tolerance progresses into gestational diabetes, which may call for changes in the management strategy.
If impaired glucose tolerance is well controlled, there is no evidence of any adverse effects to the growing fetus in the womb.

What if she has gestational diabetes?

A careful assessment of her condition is made. The decision will then be taken whether to stick to dietary control of her condition or to start her on insulin. If her obstetrician opts for the former, she will be asked to have frequent timed blood-sugar tests. It is of absolute importance that she sticks to the monitoring regime. If the dietary management alone does not seem to give good control, then insulin needs to be used. The aim is to achieve blood-sugar levels that stay within the normal range.

Is there a role for exercise in gestational diabetes?

Yes. Strenuous exercise is out, as it can cause a dangerous fall in the blood sugar level. On the other hand, a complete lack of exercise does make blood sugar control that little bit more difficult. The midwife and doctors will advise the mother on the recommended type and extent of exercise. However, it is never necessary to go to the gym.

How is insulin administered?

The mother will, be taught how to self-administer insulin injections. Most people find this quite easy to learn. The injection causes very little pain and is relatively superficial.

Some diabetics use tablets for their condition. Can't these be used for gestational diabetes?

Traditionally, tablets such as Metformin, glyburide, pioglitazone and other similar anti-diabetic oral drugs were not used in pregnancy. There were concerns that these could potentially harm the baby by creating a low blood sugar environment. Extensive animal and laboratory studies have, in the last few years, shown that the use of these oral medications in pregnancy is, in fact, safe and in selected patients beneficial in optimising blood sugar control. They have therefore been increasingly deployed for this purpose, either in isolation or together with insulin. However, it is very important that any woman who conceives whilst on Metformin or any other oral hypoglycaemic agent informs her doctor straight away so as to allow the earliest possible expert input in her diabetes management during pregnancy.
http://www.pregnancy-bliss.co.uk/impairedglucose.html

Berdoalah kita semua x samapai kena GDM nih...Semoga segalanya dipermudahkan..aminnn